The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has expanded its vocabulary by including 20 Nigerian words and expressions in its latest update.

Among the new entries are widely recognized terms such as “japa,” “agbero,” “eba,” “419,” and “abi.” These words, rooted in Nigerian culture, reflect the impact of Pidgin English, street slang, and unique local expressions that are gaining global recognition.

Notably, some terms, like “japa” and “jand,” are listed as both nouns and verbs in the dictionary. Pronunciation guides accompany the entries, assisting non-Nigerians in accurate articulation.

Kingsley Ugwuanyi, a Nigerian English consultant for the OED, announced the update on LinkedIn. He expressed his excitement about drafting the words and recording their pronunciations, saying:
“I’m thrilled to announce that the Oxford English Dictionary has officially published its latest updates, featuring an amazing collection of Nigerian English words that beautifully reflect Nigeria’s culture, creativity, and unique expressions. This time, I not only drafted most of the words but also had the incredible opportunity to provide their pronunciations! So, when you explore the OED online and click on the pronunciations, you’ll hear my voice bringing these words to life.”

Highlighted definitions include:

Japa: “The emigration of Nigerians to other countries (especially in Europe or North America) in search of education, employment, or economic opportunity.”

Agbero: “A person, typically a boy or young man, who works as a tout, collecting money at car parks and bus stops and ushering passengers onto vehicles.”

419: “Fraud (now often online) involving requests for advance payment in return for a share of a large sum of money that is never received, commonly used as a modifier in phrases like ‘419 email’ or ‘419 scam.'”

Complete List of Nigerian Words Added to the OED

1. 419

2. Abi

3. Adire

4. Agbero

5. Area Boy

6. Cross-Carpet

7. Cross-Carpeting

8. Eba

9. Edo

10. Gele

11. Jand (Noun, Verb)

12. Janded (Adjective)

13. Japa (Noun, Verb)

14. Kanuri

15. Kobo

16. Naija

17. Suya

18. Yahoo

19. Yahoo Boy

20. Yarn Dust